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Unified Diff: sha3/sha3.go

Issue 7760044: go.crypto/sha3: new package
Patch Set: diff -r 8dd5caec1eae https://code.google.com/p/go.crypto/ Created 11 years ago
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Index: sha3/sha3.go
===================================================================
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha3/sha3.go
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+// Copyright 2013 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// Package sha3 implements the SHA3 hash algorithm (formerly called Keccak) chosen by NIST in 2012.
+// This file provides a SHA3 implementation which implements the standard hash.Hash interface.
+// Writing input data, including padding, and reading output data are computed in this file.
+// Note that the current implementation can compute the hash of an integral number of bytes only.
+// This is a consequence of the hash interface in which a buffer of bytes is passed in.
+// The internals of the Keccak-f function are computed in keccakf.go.
+// For the detailed specification, refer to the Keccak web site (http://keccak.noekeon.org/).
+package sha3
+
+import (
+ "encoding/binary"
+ "hash"
+)
+
+// laneSize is the size in bytes of each "lane" of the internal state of SHA3 (5 * 5 * 8).
+// Note that changing this size would requires using a type other than uint64 to store each lane.
+const laneSize = 8
+
+// sliceSize represents the dimensions of the internal state, a square matrix of
+// sliceSize ** 2 lanes. This is the size of both the "rows" and "columns" dimensions in the
+// terminology of the SHA3 specification.
+const sliceSize = 5
+
+// numLanes represents the total number of lanes in the state.
+const numLanes = sliceSize * sliceSize
+
+// stateSize is the size in bytes of the internal state of SHA3 (5 * 5 * WSize).
+const stateSize = laneSize * numLanes
+
+// digest represents the partial evaluation of a checksum.
+// Note that capacity, and not outputSize, is the critical security parameter, as SHA3 can output
+// an arbitrary number of bytes for any given capacity. The Keccak proposal recommends that
+// capacity = 2*outputSize to ensure that finding a collision of size outputSize requires
+// O(2^{outputSize/2}) computations (the birthday lower bound). Future standards may modify the
+// capacity/outputSize ratio to allow for more output with lower cryptographic security.
+type digest struct {
+ a [numLanes]uint64 // main state of the hash
+ b [numLanes]uint64 // intermediate states
+ c [sliceSize]uint64 // intermediate states
+ d [sliceSize]uint64 // intermediate states
+ outputSize int // desired output size in bytes
+ capacity int // number of bytes to leave untouched during squeeze/absorb
+ absorbed int // number of bytes absorbed thus far
+}
+
+// minInt returns the lesser of two integer arguments, to simplify the absorption routine.
+func minInt(v1, v2 int) int {
+ if v1 <= v2 {
+ return v1
+ }
+ return v2
+}
+
+// rate returns the number of bytes of the internal state which can be absorbed or squeezed
+// in between calls to the permutation function.
+func (d *digest) rate() int {
+ return stateSize - d.capacity
+}
+
+// Reset clears the internal state by zeroing bytes in the state buffer.
+// This can be skipped for a newly-created hash state; the default zero-allocated state is correct.
+func (d *digest) Reset() {
+ d.absorbed = 0
+ for i := range d.a {
+ d.a[i] = 0
+ }
+}
+
+// BlockSize, required by the hash.Hash interface, does not have a standard intepretation
+// for a sponge-based construction like SHA3. We return the data rate: the number of bytes which
+// can be absorbed per invocation of the permutation function. For Merkle-Damgård based hashes
+// (ie SHA1, SHA2, MD5) the output size of the internal compression function is returned.
+// We consider this to be roughly equivalent because it represents the number of bytes of output
+// produced per cryptographic operation.
+func (d *digest) BlockSize() int { return d.rate() }
+
+// Size returns the output size of the hash function in bytes.
+func (d *digest) Size() int {
+ return d.outputSize
+}
+
+// unalignedAbsorb is a helper function for Write, which absorbs data that isn't aligned with an
+// 8-byte lane. This requires shifting the individual bytes into position in a uint64.
+func (d *digest) unalignedAbsorb(p []byte) {
+ var t uint64
+ for i := len(p) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+ t <<= 8
+ t |= uint64(p[i])
+ }
+ offset := (d.absorbed) % d.rate()
+ t <<= 8 * uint(offset%laneSize)
+ d.a[offset/laneSize] ^= t
+ d.absorbed += len(p)
+}
+
+// Write "absorbs" bytes into the state of the SHA3 hash, updating as needed when the sponge
+// "fills up" with rate() bytes. Since lanes are stored internally as type uint64, this requires
+// converting the incoming bytes into uint64s using a little endian interpretation. This
+// implementation is optimized for large, aligned writes of multiples of 8 bytes (laneSize).
+// Non-aligned or uneven numbers of bytes require shifting and are slower.
+func (d *digest) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
+ // An initial offset is needed if the we aren't absorbing to the first lane initially.
+ offset := d.absorbed % d.rate()
+ toWrite := len(p)
+
+ // The first lane may need to absorb unaligned and/or incomplete data.
+ if (offset%laneSize != 0 || len(p) < 8) && len(p) > 0 {
+ toAbsorb := minInt(laneSize-(offset%laneSize), len(p))
+ d.unalignedAbsorb(p[:toAbsorb])
+ p = p[toAbsorb:]
+ offset = (d.absorbed) % d.rate()
+
+ // For every rate() bytes absorbed, the state must be permuted via the F Function.
+ if (d.absorbed)%d.rate() == 0 {
+ d.keccakF()
+ }
+ }
+
+ // This loop should absorb the bulk of the data into full, aligned lanes.
+ // It will call the update function as necessary.
+ for len(p) > 7 {
+ firstLane := offset / laneSize
+ lastLane := minInt(d.rate()/laneSize, firstLane+len(p)/laneSize)
+
+ // This inner loop absorbs input bytes into the state in groups of 8, converted to uint64s.
+ for lane := firstLane; lane < lastLane; lane++ {
+ d.a[lane] ^= binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(p[:laneSize])
+ p = p[laneSize:]
+ }
+ d.absorbed += (lastLane - firstLane) * laneSize
+ // For every rate() bytes absorbed, the state must be permuted via the F Function.
+ if (d.absorbed)%d.rate() == 0 {
+ d.keccakF()
+ }
+
+ offset = 0
+ }
+
+ // If there are insufficient bytes to fill the final lane, an unaligned absorption.
+ // This should always start at a correct lane boundary though, or else it would be caught
+ // by the uneven opening lane case above.
+ if len(p) > 0 {
+ d.unalignedAbsorb(p)
+ }
+
+ return toWrite, nil
+}
+
+// pad computes the SHA3 padding scheme based on the number of bytes absorbed.
+// The padding is a 1 bit, followed by an arbitrary number of 0s and then a final 1 bit, such that
+// the input bits plus padding bits are a multiple of rate(). Adding the padding simply requires
+// xoring an opening and closing bit into the appropriate lanes.
+func (d *digest) pad() {
+ offset := d.absorbed % d.rate()
+ // The opening pad bit must be shifted into position based on the number of bytes absorbed
+ padOpenLane := offset / laneSize
+ d.a[padOpenLane] ^= 0x0000000000000001 << uint(8*(offset%laneSize))
+ // The closing padding bit is always in the last position
+ padCloseLane := (d.rate() / laneSize) - 1
+ d.a[padCloseLane] ^= 0x8000000000000000
+}
+
+// finalize prepares the hash to output data by padding and one final permutation of the state.
+func (d *digest) finalize() {
+ d.pad()
+ d.keccakF()
+}
+
+// squeeze outputs an arbitrary number of bytes from the hash state.
+// Squeezing can require multiple calls to the F function (one per rate() bytes squeezed),
+// although this is not the case for standard SHA3 parameters. This implementation only supports
+// squeezing a single time, subsequent squeezes may lose alignment. Future implementations
+// may wish to support multiple squeeze calls, for example to support use as a PRNG.
+func (d *digest) squeeze(in []byte, toSqueeze int) []byte {
+ inputLen := len(in)
+ // Because we read in blocks of laneSize, we need enough room to read an integral number of lanes
+ sizeNeeded := inputLen + toSqueeze + (laneSize - toSqueeze%laneSize)
+ // Check to see if we need to allocate more data
+ if cap(in) < sizeNeeded {
+ in = append(in, make([]byte, sizeNeeded-cap(in))...)
+ }
+ out := in[inputLen:]
+
+ for squeezed := 0; squeezed < toSqueeze; {
+ for i := squeezed % d.rate(); i < d.rate() && squeezed < toSqueeze; i += laneSize {
+ binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(out[:], d.a[i/laneSize])
+ out = out[laneSize:]
+ squeezed += laneSize
+ }
+ if squeezed < d.outputSize {
+ d.keccakF()
+ }
+ }
+ return in[:inputLen+toSqueeze] //Re-slice in case we wrote extra data.
+}
+
+// Sum applies padding to the hash state and then squeezes out the desired nubmer of output bytes.
+func (d *digest) Sum(in []byte) []byte {
+ // Make a copy of the original hash so that caller can keep writing and summing.
+ dup := *d
+ dup.finalize()
+ return dup.squeeze(in, dup.outputSize)
+}
+
+// The NewKeccakX constructors enable initializing a hash in any of the four recommend sizes
+// from the Keccak specification, all of which set capacity=2*outputSize. Note that the final
+// NIST standard for SHA3 may specify different input/output lengths.
+// The output size is indicated in bits but converted into bytes internally.
+func NewKeccak224() hash.Hash { return &digest{outputSize: 224 / 8, capacity: 2 * 224 / 8} }
+func NewKeccak256() hash.Hash { return &digest{outputSize: 256 / 8, capacity: 2 * 256 / 8} }
+func NewKeccak384() hash.Hash { return &digest{outputSize: 384 / 8, capacity: 2 * 384 / 8} }
+func NewKeccak512() hash.Hash { return &digest{outputSize: 512 / 8, capacity: 2 * 512 / 8} }
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