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1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*- | 1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*- |
2 | 2 |
3 @ignore | 3 @ignore |
4 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH | 4 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH |
5 | 5 |
6 When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the | 6 When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the |
7 version that you are working on. For details, see the Contributors' | 7 version that you are working on. For details, see the Contributors' |
8 Guide, node Updating translation committishes.. | 8 Guide, node Updating translation committishes.. |
9 @end ignore | 9 @end ignore |
10 | 10 |
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3615 | 3615 |
3616 @menu | 3616 @menu |
3617 * Modifying ties and slurs:: | 3617 * Modifying ties and slurs:: |
3618 @end menu | 3618 @end menu |
3619 | 3619 |
3620 @node Modifying ties and slurs | 3620 @node Modifying ties and slurs |
3621 @unnumberedsubsubsec Modifying ties and slurs | 3621 @unnumberedsubsubsec Modifying ties and slurs |
3622 | 3622 |
3623 @cindex slurs, modifying | 3623 @cindex slurs, modifying |
3624 @cindex ties, modifying | 3624 @cindex ties, modifying |
3625 @cindex Bézier curves, control points | 3625 @cindex Bézier curves |
3626 @cindex control points, Bézier curves | 3626 @cindex Bézier control points |
3627 | 3627 |
3628 If the shape of the tie or slur which is calculated automatically is not | 3628 Ties, slurs and phrasing slurs are drawn as third-order Bézier |
3629 optimum, the shape may be modified manually by explicitly specifying the | 3629 curves. If the shape of the tie or slur which is calculated |
3630 control points required to define the curve needed. | 3630 automatically is not optimum, the shape may be modified manually by |
3631 | 3631 explicitly specifying the four control points required to define |
3632 Ties, slurs and phrasing slurs are drawn as @q{third-order} Bézier | 3632 a third-order Bézier curve. |
3633 curves which are are defined by four control points. The first and | 3633 |
3634 fourth control points are the start and end points of the curve | 3634 Third-order or cubic Bézier curves are defined by four control |
3635 respectively, and the two intermediate control points define the | 3635 points. The first and fourth control points are precisely the |
3636 overall shape. | 3636 starting and ending points of the curve. The intermediate two |
3637 | 3637 control points define the shape. Animations showing how the curve |
3638 Animations showing how the curve is drawn can be found on the web, but | 3638 is drawn can be found on the web, but the following description |
3639 the following description may be helpful. The curve starts from the | 3639 may be helpful. The curve starts from the first control point |
3640 first control point moving towards the second. As the curve nears and | 3640 heading directly towards the second, gradually bending over to |
3641 passes through the second control point it begins to arc towards the | 3641 head towards the third and continuing to bend over to head towards |
3642 third. The curve continues on towards the the third control point, | 3642 the fourth, arriving there travelling directly from the third |
3643 again starting to arc as it nears and passes through the third so as to | 3643 control point. The curve is entirely contained in the |
3644 finish the curve smoothly at the fourth and final control point. The | 3644 quadrilateral defined by the four control points. |
3645 whole curve is contained in the quadrilateral defined by the four | 3645 |
3646 control points. | 3646 Here is an example of a case where the tie is not optimum, and |
3647 | 3647 where @code{\tieDown} would not help. |
3648 Here is an example of a case where the tie is not optimum (and where the | |
3649 @code{\tieDown} command would not help). | |
3650 | 3648 |
3651 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 3649 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
3652 << | 3650 << |
3653 { e1~ e } | 3651 { e1 ~ e } |
3654 \\ | 3652 \\ |
3655 { r4 <g c,> <g c,> <g c,> } | 3653 { r4 <g c,> <g c,> <g c,> } |
3656 >> | 3654 >> |
3657 @end lilypond | 3655 @end lilypond |
3658 | 3656 |
3659 One way of improving this tie is to manually modify its control | 3657 One way of improving this tie is to manually modify its control |
3660 points, as follows. | 3658 points, as follows. |
3661 | 3659 |
3662 The coordinates of the Bézier control points are specified in units | 3660 The coordinates of the Bézier control points are specified in units |
3663 of staff-spaces. The X@tie{}coordinate is relative to the reference | 3661 of staff-spaces. The X@tie{}coordinate is relative to the reference |
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3676 | 3674 |
3677 For the example above the following override gives a satisfactory | 3675 For the example above the following override gives a satisfactory |
3678 tie. Note the placement -- it has to be immediately before the note | 3676 tie. Note the placement -- it has to be immediately before the note |
3679 to which the start of the tie (or slur) is attached. | 3677 to which the start of the tie (or slur) is attached. |
3680 | 3678 |
3681 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 3679 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
3682 << | 3680 << |
3683 { | 3681 { |
3684 \once \override Tie | 3682 \once \override Tie |
3685 #'control-points = #'((1 . -1) (3 . 0.6) (12.5 . 0.6) (14.5 . -1)) | 3683 #'control-points = #'((1 . -1) (3 . 0.6) (12.5 . 0.6) (14.5 . -1)) |
3686 e1 ~ e | 3684 e1 ~ e1 |
3687 } | 3685 } |
3688 \\ | 3686 \\ |
3689 { r4 <g c,> <g c,> <g c,> } | 3687 { r4 <g c,> <g c,> <g c,>4 } |
3690 >> | 3688 >> |
3691 @end lilypond | 3689 @end lilypond |
3692 | 3690 |
3693 @knownissues | 3691 @knownissues |
| 3692 |
3694 It is not possible to modify shapes of ties or slurs by changing | 3693 It is not possible to modify shapes of ties or slurs by changing |
3695 the @code{control-points} property if there are multiple ties or slurs | 3694 the @code{control-points} property if there are more than one at |
3696 at the same musical moment -- the @code{\tweak} command will also not | 3695 the same musical moment, not even by using the @code{\tweak} |
3697 work in this case. However, the @code{tie-configuration} property of | 3696 command. However, the @code{tie-configuration} property of |
3698 @code{tie-column-interface} can be overridden to set start line and | 3697 @code{TieColumn} can be overridden to set start line and direction |
3699 direction of ties as required. | 3698 of ties as required. |
3700 | 3699 |
3701 @seealso | 3700 |
3702 Internals Reference: | |
3703 @rinternals{tie-column-interface}. | |
3704 | 3701 |
3705 | 3702 |
3706 @node Using music functions | 3703 @node Using music functions |
3707 @section Using music functions | 3704 @section Using music functions |
3708 | 3705 |
3709 @c TODO -- add @seealso, etc. to these subsections | 3706 @c TODO -- add @seealso, etc. to these subsections |
3710 | 3707 |
3711 Where tweaks need to be reused with different music expressions, | 3708 Where tweaks need to be reused with different music expressions, |
3712 it is often convenient to make the tweak part of a @emph{music | 3709 it is often convenient to make the tweak part of a @emph{music |
3713 function}. In this section, we discuss only @emph{substitution} | 3710 function}. In this section, we discuss only @emph{substitution} |
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3856 | 3853 |
3857 \relative c'' { | 3854 \relative c'' { |
3858 \tempo \markup { "Low tempo" } | 3855 \tempo \markup { "Low tempo" } |
3859 c4 d e f g1 | 3856 c4 d e f g1 |
3860 \tempoPadded #4.0 #"High tempo" | 3857 \tempoPadded #4.0 #"High tempo" |
3861 g4 f e d c1 | 3858 g4 f e d c1 |
3862 } | 3859 } |
3863 @end lilypond | 3860 @end lilypond |
3864 | 3861 |
3865 @c TODO: add appropriate @@ref's here. | 3862 @c TODO: add appropriate @@ref's here. |
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