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1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*- | 1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*- |
2 @ignore | 2 @ignore |
3 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH | 3 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH |
4 | 4 |
5 When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the | 5 When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the |
6 version that you are working on. For details, see the Contributors' | 6 version that you are working on. For details, see the Contributors' |
7 Guide, node Updating translation committishes.. | 7 Guide, node Updating translation committishes.. |
8 @end ignore | 8 @end ignore |
9 | 9 |
10 @c \version "2.12.0" | 10 @c \version "2.12.0" |
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120 this syntax: | 120 this syntax: |
121 | 121 |
122 @example | 122 @example |
123 @var{note}\@var{name} | 123 @var{note}\@var{name} |
124 @end example | 124 @end example |
125 | 125 |
126 The possible values for @var{name} are listed in @ref{List of | 126 The possible values for @var{name} are listed in @ref{List of |
127 articulations}. For example: | 127 articulations}. For example: |
128 | 128 |
129 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 129 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
130 c4\staccato c\mordent b2\turn | 130 c4\staccato c\mordent b2\turn | |
131 c1\fermata | 131 c1\fermata | |
132 @end lilypond | 132 @end lilypond |
133 | 133 |
134 @cindex marcato | 134 @cindex marcato |
135 @cindex tenuto | 135 @cindex tenuto |
136 @cindex staccatissimo | 136 @cindex staccatissimo |
137 @cindex accent | 137 @cindex accent |
138 @cindex staccato | 138 @cindex staccato |
139 @cindex portato | 139 @cindex portato |
140 | 140 |
141 Some of these articulations have shorthands for easier entry. | 141 Some of these articulations have shorthands for easier entry. |
142 Shorthands are appended to the note name, and their syntax | 142 Shorthands are appended to the note name, and their syntax |
143 consists of a dash @code{-} followed by a symbol signifying the | 143 consists of a dash @code{-} followed by a symbol signifying the |
144 articulation. Predefined shorthands exist for @notation{marcato}, | 144 articulation. Predefined shorthands exist for @notation{marcato}, |
145 @notation{stopped}, @notation{tenuto}, @notation{staccatissimo}, | 145 @notation{stopped}, @notation{tenuto}, @notation{staccatissimo}, |
146 @notation{accent}, @notation{staccato}, and @notation{portato}. | 146 @notation{accent}, @notation{staccato}, and @notation{portato}. |
147 Their corresponding output appears as follows: | 147 Their corresponding output appears as follows: |
148 | 148 |
149 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 149 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
150 c4-^ c-+ c-- c-| | 150 c4-^ c-+ c-- c-| | |
151 c4-> c-. c2-_ | 151 c4-> c-. c2-_ | |
Graham Percival (old account)
2010/05/25 18:52:02
Could you switch the order of the c-| and c-> ?
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152 @end lilypond | 152 @end lilypond |
153 | 153 |
154 The rules for the default placement of articulations are defined | 154 The rules for the default placement of articulations are defined |
155 in @file{scm/@/script@/.scm}. Articulations and ornamentations | 155 in @file{scm/@/script@/.scm}. Articulations and ornamentations |
156 may be manually placed above or below the staff; see | 156 may be manually placed above or below the staff; see |
157 @ref{Direction and placement}. | 157 @ref{Direction and placement}. |
158 | 158 |
159 Articulations are @code{Script} objects. Their properties are | 159 Articulations are @code{Script} objects. Their properties are |
160 described more fully in @rinternals{Script}. | 160 described more fully in @rinternals{Script}. |
161 | 161 |
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253 Absolute dynamic marks are specified using a command after a note, | 253 Absolute dynamic marks are specified using a command after a note, |
254 such as @code{c4\ff}. The available dynamic marks are | 254 such as @code{c4\ff}. The available dynamic marks are |
255 @code{\ppppp}, @code{\pppp}, @code{\ppp}, @code{\pp}, @code{\p}, | 255 @code{\ppppp}, @code{\pppp}, @code{\ppp}, @code{\pp}, @code{\p}, |
256 @code{\mp}, @code{\mf}, @code{\f}, @code{\ff}, @code{\fff}, | 256 @code{\mp}, @code{\mf}, @code{\f}, @code{\ff}, @code{\fff}, |
257 @code{\ffff}, @code{\fffff}, @code{\fp}, @code{\sf}, @code{\sff}, | 257 @code{\ffff}, @code{\fffff}, @code{\fp}, @code{\sf}, @code{\sff}, |
258 @code{\sp}, @code{\spp}, @code{\sfz}, and @code{\rfz}. Dynamic | 258 @code{\sp}, @code{\spp}, @code{\sfz}, and @code{\rfz}. Dynamic |
259 marks may be manually placed above or below the staff; see | 259 marks may be manually placed above or below the staff; see |
260 @ref{Direction and placement}. | 260 @ref{Direction and placement}. |
261 | 261 |
262 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 262 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
263 c2\ppp c\mp | 263 c2\ppp c\mp | |
264 c2\rfz c^\mf | 264 c2\rfz c^\mf | |
265 c2_\spp c^\ff | 265 c2_\spp c^\ff | |
Graham Percival (old account)
2010/05/25 18:52:02
Hmm. It might be better if a barline check at the
| |
266 @end lilypond | 266 @end lilypond |
267 | 267 |
268 @cindex hairpin | 268 @cindex hairpin |
269 @cindex crescendo | 269 @cindex crescendo |
270 @cindex decrescendo | 270 @cindex decrescendo |
271 @cindex diminuendo | 271 @cindex diminuendo |
272 | 272 |
273 @funindex \< | 273 @funindex \< |
274 @funindex \> | 274 @funindex \> |
275 @funindex \! | 275 @funindex \! |
276 @funindex \cr | 276 @funindex \cr |
277 @funindex cr | 277 @funindex cr |
278 @funindex \decr | 278 @funindex \decr |
279 @funindex decr | 279 @funindex decr |
280 | 280 |
281 A @notation{crescendo} mark is started with @code{\<} and | 281 A @notation{crescendo} mark is started with @code{\<} and |
282 terminated with @code{\!}, an absolute dynamic, or an additional | 282 terminated with @code{\!}, an absolute dynamic, or an additional |
283 crescendo or decrescendo mark. A @notation{decrescendo} mark is | 283 crescendo or decrescendo mark. A @notation{decrescendo} mark is |
284 started with @code{\>} and is also terminated with @code{\!}, an | 284 started with @code{\>} and is also terminated with @code{\!}, an |
285 absolute dynamic, or another crescendo or decrescendo mark. | 285 absolute dynamic, or another crescendo or decrescendo mark. |
286 @code{\cr} and @code{\decr} may be used instead of @code{\<} and | 286 @code{\cr} and @code{\decr} may be used instead of @code{\<} and |
287 @code{\>}. @notation{Hairpins} are engraved by default using this | 287 @code{\>}. @notation{Hairpins} are engraved by default using this |
288 notation. | 288 notation. |
289 | 289 |
290 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 290 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
291 c2\< c\! | 291 c2\< c\! | |
292 d2\< d\f | 292 d2\< d\f | |
293 e2\< e\> | 293 e2\< e\> | |
294 f2\> f\! | 294 f2\> f\! | |
295 e2\> e\mp | 295 e2\> e\mp | |
296 d2\> d\> | 296 d2\> d\> | |
297 c1\! | 297 c1\! | |
298 @end lilypond | 298 @end lilypond |
299 | 299 |
300 Spacer rests are needed to engrave multiple marks on one note. | 300 Spacer rests are needed to engrave multiple marks on one note. |
301 | 301 |
302 @cindex multiple dynamic marks on one note | 302 @cindex multiple dynamic marks on one note |
303 @cindex dynamic marks, multiple on one note | 303 @cindex dynamic marks, multiple on one note |
304 | 304 |
305 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 305 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
306 c4\< c\! d\> e\! | 306 c4\< c\! d\> e\! | |
307 << f1 { s4 s4\< s4\> s4\! } >> | 307 << f1 { s4 s\< s\> s\! } >> | |
308 @end lilypond | 308 @end lilypond |
309 | 309 |
310 @cindex espressivo articulation | 310 @cindex espressivo articulation |
311 | 311 |
312 @funindex \espressivo | 312 @funindex \espressivo |
313 @funindex espressivo | 313 @funindex espressivo |
314 | 314 |
315 In some situations the @code{\espressivo} articulation mark may be | 315 In some situations the @code{\espressivo} articulation mark may be |
316 the appropriate choice to indicate a crescendo and decrescendo on | 316 the appropriate choice to indicate a crescendo and decrescendo on |
317 one note: | 317 one note: |
318 | 318 |
319 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 319 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
320 c2 b4 a | 320 c2 b4 a | g1\espressivo | |
Graham Percival (old account)
2010/05/25 18:52:02
I think this looked better on two lines.
| |
321 g1\espressivo | |
322 @end lilypond | 321 @end lilypond |
323 | 322 |
324 | 323 |
325 @funindex \crescTextCresc | 324 @funindex \crescTextCresc |
326 @funindex crescTextCresc | 325 @funindex crescTextCresc |
327 @funindex \dimTextDecresc | 326 @funindex \dimTextDecresc |
328 @funindex dimTextDecresc | 327 @funindex dimTextDecresc |
329 @funindex \dimTextDecr | 328 @funindex \dimTextDecr |
330 @funindex dimTextDecr | 329 @funindex dimTextDecr |
331 @funindex \dimTextDim | 330 @funindex \dimTextDim |
332 @funindex dimTextDim | 331 @funindex dimTextDim |
333 @funindex \crescHairpin | 332 @funindex \crescHairpin |
334 @funindex crescHairpin | 333 @funindex crescHairpin |
335 @funindex \dimHairpin | 334 @funindex \dimHairpin |
336 @funindex dimHairpin | 335 @funindex dimHairpin |
337 | 336 |
338 Crescendos and decrescendos can be engraved as textual markings | 337 Crescendos and decrescendos can be engraved as textual markings |
339 instead of hairpins. Dashed lines are printed to indicate their | 338 instead of hairpins. Dashed lines are printed to indicate their |
340 extent. The built-in commands @code{\crescTextCresc}, | 339 extent. The built-in commands @code{\crescTextCresc}, |
341 @code{\dimTextDecresc}, @code{\dimTextDecr}, and @code{\dimTextDim} | 340 @code{\dimTextDecresc}, @code{\dimTextDecr}, and @code{\dimTextDim} |
342 will tell LilyPond to use such textual marks instead of hairpins | 341 will tell LilyPond to use such textual marks instead of hairpins |
343 for all subsequent @code{\<} and @code{\>} commands. The corresponding | 342 for all subsequent @code{\<} and @code{\>} commands. The corresponding |
344 @code{\crescHairpin} and @code{\dimHairpin} commands will revert | 343 @code{\crescHairpin} and @code{\dimHairpin} commands will revert |
345 to hairpins again: | 344 to hairpins again: |
346 | 345 |
347 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 346 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
348 \crescTextCresc | 347 \crescTextCresc |
349 c2\< d | e f\! | 348 c2\< d | e2 f\! | |
350 \dimTextDecresc | 349 \dimTextDecresc |
351 e2\> d | c b\! | 350 e2\> d | c2 b\! | |
352 \crescHairpin | 351 \crescHairpin |
353 c2\< d | e f\! | 352 c2\< d | e2 f\! | |
354 \dimHairpin | 353 \dimHairpin |
355 e2\> d\! | 354 e2\> d\! | |
356 @end lilypond | 355 @end lilypond |
357 | 356 |
358 | 357 |
359 To create new absolute dynamic marks or text that should be | 358 To create new absolute dynamic marks or text that should be |
360 aligned with dynamics, see @ref{New dynamic marks}. | 359 aligned with dynamics, see @ref{New dynamic marks}. |
361 | 360 |
362 @cindex dynamics, vertical positioning | 361 @cindex dynamics, vertical positioning |
363 @cindex vertical positioning of dynamics | 362 @cindex vertical positioning of dynamics |
364 | 363 |
365 @funindex DynamicLineSpanner | 364 @funindex DynamicLineSpanner |
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443 @cindex new dynamic marks | 442 @cindex new dynamic marks |
444 @cindex dynamic marks, new | 443 @cindex dynamic marks, new |
445 | 444 |
446 The easiest way to create dynamic indications is to use | 445 The easiest way to create dynamic indications is to use |
447 @code{\markup} objects. | 446 @code{\markup} objects. |
448 | 447 |
449 @lilypond[verbatim,quote] | 448 @lilypond[verbatim,quote] |
450 moltoF = \markup { molto \dynamic f } | 449 moltoF = \markup { molto \dynamic f } |
451 | 450 |
452 \relative c' { | 451 \relative c' { |
453 <d e>16_\moltoF <d e> | 452 <d e>16_\moltoF <d e> <d e>2.. |
454 <d e>2.. | |
455 } | 453 } |
456 @end lilypond | 454 @end lilypond |
457 | 455 |
458 @cindex dynamics, editorial | 456 @cindex dynamics, editorial |
459 @cindex dynamics, parenthesis | 457 @cindex dynamics, parenthesis |
460 @cindex editorial dynamics | 458 @cindex editorial dynamics |
461 @funindex \bracket | 459 @funindex \bracket |
462 @funindex bracket | 460 @funindex bracket |
463 @funindex \dynamic | 461 @funindex \dynamic |
464 @funindex dynamic | 462 @funindex dynamic |
465 | 463 |
466 In markup mode, editorial dynamics (within parentheses or square | 464 In markup mode, editorial dynamics (within parentheses or square |
467 brackets) can be created. The syntax for markup mode is described | 465 brackets) can be created. The syntax for markup mode is described |
468 in @ref{Formatting text}. | 466 in @ref{Formatting text}. |
469 | 467 |
470 @lilypond[verbatim,quote] | 468 @lilypond[verbatim,quote] |
471 roundF = \markup { | 469 roundF = \markup { |
472 \center-align \concat { \bold { \italic ( } | 470 \center-align \concat { |
473 \dynamic f \bold { \italic ) } } } | 471 \bold { \italic ( } |
472 \dynamic f | |
473 \bold { \italic ) } | |
474 } | |
475 } | |
474 boxF = \markup { \bracket { \dynamic f } } | 476 boxF = \markup { \bracket { \dynamic f } } |
477 | |
475 \relative c' { | 478 \relative c' { |
476 c1_\roundF | 479 c1_\roundF | c1_\boxF | |
477 c1_\boxF | |
478 } | 480 } |
479 @end lilypond | 481 @end lilypond |
480 | 482 |
481 @cindex make-dynamic-script | 483 @cindex make-dynamic-script |
482 @funindex make-dynamic-script | 484 @funindex make-dynamic-script |
483 | 485 |
484 Simple, centered dynamic marks are easily created with the | 486 Simple, centered dynamic marks are easily created with the |
485 @code{make-dynamic-script} function. | 487 @code{make-dynamic-script} function. |
486 | 488 |
487 @lilypond[verbatim,quote] | 489 @lilypond[verbatim,quote] |
488 sfzp = #(make-dynamic-script "sfzp") | 490 sfzp = #(make-dynamic-script "sfzp") |
491 | |
489 \relative c' { | 492 \relative c' { |
490 c4 c c\sfzp c | 493 c4 c c\sfzp c |
491 } | 494 } |
492 @end lilypond | 495 @end lilypond |
493 | 496 |
494 In general, @code{make-dynamic-script} takes any markup object as its | 497 In general, @code{make-dynamic-script} takes any markup object as its |
495 argument. The dynamic font only contains the characters | 498 argument. The dynamic font only contains the characters |
496 @code{f,m,p,r,s} and @code{z}, so if a dynamic mark that includes | 499 @code{f,m,p,r,s} and @code{z}, so if a dynamic mark that includes |
497 plain text or punctuation symbols is desired, markup commands that | 500 plain text or punctuation symbols is desired, markup commands that |
498 reverts font family and font encoding to normal text should be used, | 501 reverts font family and font encoding to normal text should be used, |
499 for example @code{\normal-text}. The interest of using | 502 for example @code{\normal-text}. The interest of using |
500 @code{make-dynamic-script} instead of an ordinary markup is ensuring | 503 @code{make-dynamic-script} instead of an ordinary markup is ensuring |
501 the vertical alignment of markup objects and hairpins that are | 504 the vertical alignment of markup objects and hairpins that are |
502 attached to the same note head. | 505 attached to the same note head. |
503 | 506 |
504 @lilypond[verbatim,quote] | 507 @lilypond[verbatim,quote] |
505 roundF = \markup { \center-align \concat { | 508 roundF = \markup { |
506 \normal-text { \bold { \italic ( } } | 509 \center-align \concat { |
507 \dynamic f | 510 \normal-text { \bold { \italic ( } } |
508 \normal-text { \bold { \italic ) } } } } | 511 \dynamic f |
512 \normal-text { \bold { \italic ) } } | |
513 } | |
514 } | |
515 | |
509 boxF = \markup { \bracket { \dynamic f } } | 516 boxF = \markup { \bracket { \dynamic f } } |
510 mfEspress = \markup { \center-align \line { | 517 |
511 \hspace #3.7 mf \normal-text \italic espress. } } | 518 mfEspress = \markup { |
519 \center-align \line { | |
520 \hspace #3.7 mf \normal-text \italic espress. | |
521 } | |
522 } | |
523 | |
512 roundFdynamic = #(make-dynamic-script roundF) | 524 roundFdynamic = #(make-dynamic-script roundF) |
513 boxFdynamic = #(make-dynamic-script boxF) | 525 boxFdynamic = #(make-dynamic-script boxF) |
514 mfEspressDynamic = #(make-dynamic-script mfEspress) | 526 mfEspressDynamic = #(make-dynamic-script mfEspress) |
527 | |
515 \relative c' { | 528 \relative c' { |
516 c4_\roundFdynamic\< d e f | 529 c4_\roundFdynamic\< d e f | |
517 g,1~_\boxFdynamic\> | 530 g,1~_\boxFdynamic\> | g1 | |
518 g1 | 531 g'1~\mfEspressDynamic | g1 | |
519 g'1~\mfEspressDynamic | |
520 g1 | |
521 } | 532 } |
522 @end lilypond | 533 @end lilypond |
523 | 534 |
524 The Scheme form of markup mode may be used instead. Its syntax is | 535 The Scheme form of markup mode may be used instead. Its syntax is |
525 explained in @rextend{Markup construction in Scheme}. | 536 explained in @rextend{Markup construction in Scheme}. |
526 | 537 |
527 @lilypond[verbatim,quote] | 538 @lilypond[verbatim,quote] |
528 moltoF = #(make-dynamic-script | 539 moltoF = |
529 (markup #:normal-text "molto" | 540 #(make-dynamic-script |
530 #:dynamic "f")) | 541 (markup #:normal-text "molto" #:dynamic "f")) |
542 | |
531 \relative c' { | 543 \relative c' { |
532 <d e>16 <d e> | 544 <d e>16 <d e> <d e>2..\moltoF |
533 <d e>2..\moltoF | |
534 } | 545 } |
535 @end lilypond | 546 @end lilypond |
536 | 547 |
537 Font settings in markup mode are described in | 548 Font settings in markup mode are described in |
538 @ref{Selecting font and font size}. | 549 @ref{Selecting font and font size}. |
539 | 550 |
540 | 551 |
541 @seealso | 552 @seealso |
542 Notation Reference: | 553 Notation Reference: |
543 @ref{Formatting text}, | 554 @ref{Formatting text}, |
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571 @unnumberedsubsubsec Slurs | 582 @unnumberedsubsubsec Slurs |
572 | 583 |
573 @cindex slurs | 584 @cindex slurs |
574 | 585 |
575 @notation{Slurs} are entered using parentheses: | 586 @notation{Slurs} are entered using parentheses: |
576 | 587 |
577 @warning{In polyphonic music, a slur must be terminated | 588 @warning{In polyphonic music, a slur must be terminated |
578 in the same voice it began.} | 589 in the same voice it began.} |
579 | 590 |
580 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 591 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
581 f4( g a) a8 b( | 592 f4( g a) a8 b( | |
582 a4 g2 f4) | 593 a4 g2 f4) | |
583 <c e>2( <b d>2) | 594 <c e>2( <b d>2) | |
584 @end lilypond | 595 @end lilypond |
585 | 596 |
586 @cindex slurs, manual placement | 597 @cindex slurs, manual placement |
587 @cindex slurs, below notes | 598 @cindex slurs, below notes |
588 @cindex slurs, above notes | 599 @cindex slurs, above notes |
589 @funindex \slurDown | 600 @funindex \slurDown |
590 @funindex slurDown | 601 @funindex slurDown |
591 @funindex \slurNeutral | 602 @funindex \slurNeutral |
592 @funindex slurNeutral | 603 @funindex slurNeutral |
593 | 604 |
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617 @funindex slurDashed | 628 @funindex slurDashed |
618 @funindex \slurDotted | 629 @funindex \slurDotted |
619 @funindex slurDotted | 630 @funindex slurDotted |
620 @funindex \slurSolid | 631 @funindex \slurSolid |
621 @funindex slurSolid | 632 @funindex slurSolid |
622 | 633 |
623 Slurs can be solid, dotted, or dashed. Solid is the default slur | 634 Slurs can be solid, dotted, or dashed. Solid is the default slur |
624 style: | 635 style: |
625 | 636 |
626 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 637 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
627 c4( e g2) | 638 c4( e g2) | |
628 \slurDashed | 639 \slurDashed |
629 g4( e c2) | 640 g4( e c2) | |
630 \slurDotted | 641 \slurDotted |
631 c4( e g2) | 642 c4( e g2) | |
632 \slurSolid | 643 \slurSolid |
633 g4( e c2) | 644 g4( e c2) | |
634 @end lilypond | 645 @end lilypond |
635 | 646 |
636 @funindex \slurHalfDashed | 647 @funindex \slurHalfDashed |
637 @funindex slurHalfDashed | 648 @funindex slurHalfDashed |
638 @funindex \slurHalfSolid | 649 @funindex \slurHalfSolid |
639 @funindex slurHalfSolid | 650 @funindex slurHalfSolid |
640 @cindex slur, half dashed and half solid | 651 @cindex slur, half dashed and half solid |
641 | 652 |
642 Slurs can also be made half-dashed (the first half dashed, the | 653 Slurs can also be made half-dashed (the first half dashed, the |
643 second half solid) or half-solid (the first half solid, the second | 654 second half solid) or half-solid (the first half solid, the second |
644 half dashed): | 655 half dashed): |
645 | 656 |
646 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 657 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
647 c4( e g2) | 658 c4( e g2) | |
648 \slurHalfDashed | 659 \slurHalfDashed |
649 g4( e c2) | 660 g4( e c2) | |
650 \slurHalfSolid | 661 \slurHalfSolid |
651 c4( e g2) | 662 c4( e g2) | |
652 \slurSolid | 663 \slurSolid |
653 g4( e c2) | 664 g4( e c2) | |
654 @end lilypond | 665 @end lilypond |
655 | 666 |
656 @funindex \slurDashPattern | 667 @funindex \slurDashPattern |
657 @funindex slurDashPattern | 668 @funindex slurDashPattern |
658 @cindex slur, defining dash patterns | 669 @cindex slur, defining dash patterns |
659 | 670 |
660 Custom dash patterns for slurs can be defined: | 671 Custom dash patterns for slurs can be defined: |
661 | 672 |
662 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 673 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
663 c4( e g2) | 674 c4( e g2) | |
664 \slurDashPattern #0.7 #0.75 | 675 \slurDashPattern #0.7 #0.75 |
665 g4( e c2) | 676 g4( e c2) | |
666 \slurDashPattern #0.5 #2.0 | 677 \slurDashPattern #0.5 #2.0 |
667 c4( e g2) | 678 c4( e g2) | |
668 \slurSolid | 679 \slurSolid |
669 g4( e c2) | 680 g4( e c2) | |
670 @end lilypond | 681 @end lilypond |
671 | 682 |
672 | 683 |
673 | 684 |
674 @funindex \slurUp | 685 @funindex \slurUp |
675 @funindex slurUp | 686 @funindex slurUp |
676 | 687 |
677 | 688 |
678 @predefined | 689 @predefined |
679 @code{\slurUp}, | 690 @code{\slurUp}, |
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726 @cindex slur, phrasing | 737 @cindex slur, phrasing |
727 @cindex mark, phrasing | 738 @cindex mark, phrasing |
728 @funindex \( | 739 @funindex \( |
729 @funindex \) | 740 @funindex \) |
730 | 741 |
731 @notation{Phrasing slurs} (or phrasing marks) that indicate a | 742 @notation{Phrasing slurs} (or phrasing marks) that indicate a |
732 musical sentence are written using the commands @code{\(} and | 743 musical sentence are written using the commands @code{\(} and |
733 @code{\)} respectively: | 744 @code{\)} respectively: |
734 | 745 |
735 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 746 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
736 c4\( d( e) f( | 747 c4\( d( e) f( | e2) d\) | |
737 e2) d\) | |
738 @end lilypond | 748 @end lilypond |
739 | 749 |
740 @funindex \phrasingSlurUp | 750 @funindex \phrasingSlurUp |
741 @funindex phrasingSlurUp | 751 @funindex phrasingSlurUp |
742 @funindex \phrasingSlurDown | 752 @funindex \phrasingSlurDown |
743 @funindex phrasingSlurDown | 753 @funindex phrasingSlurDown |
744 @funindex \phrasingSlurNeutral | 754 @funindex \phrasingSlurNeutral |
745 @funindex phrasingSlurNeutral | 755 @funindex phrasingSlurNeutral |
746 | 756 |
747 Typographically, a phrasing slur behaves almost exactly like a | 757 Typographically, a phrasing slur behaves almost exactly like a |
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769 @cindex dashed phrasing slur | 779 @cindex dashed phrasing slur |
770 @cindex phrasing slur, dotted | 780 @cindex phrasing slur, dotted |
771 @cindex dotted phrasing slurs | 781 @cindex dotted phrasing slurs |
772 @cindex slur, dashed phrasing | 782 @cindex slur, dashed phrasing |
773 @cindex slur, dotted phrasing | 783 @cindex slur, dotted phrasing |
774 | 784 |
775 Phrasing slurs can be solid, dotted, or dashed. Solid is the default | 785 Phrasing slurs can be solid, dotted, or dashed. Solid is the default |
776 style for phrasing slurs: | 786 style for phrasing slurs: |
777 | 787 |
778 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 788 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
779 c4\( e g2\) | 789 c4\( e g2\) | |
780 \phrasingSlurDashed | 790 \phrasingSlurDashed |
781 g4\( e c2\) | 791 g4\( e c2\) | |
782 \phrasingSlurDotted | 792 \phrasingSlurDotted |
783 c4\( e g2\) | 793 c4\( e g2\) | |
784 \phrasingSlurSolid | 794 \phrasingSlurSolid |
785 g4\( e c2\) | 795 g4\( e c2\) | |
786 @end lilypond | 796 @end lilypond |
787 | 797 |
788 @funindex phrasingSlurHalfDashed | 798 @funindex phrasingSlurHalfDashed |
789 @funindex \phrasingSlurHalfDashed | 799 @funindex \phrasingSlurHalfDashed |
790 @funindex \phrasingSlurHalfSolid | 800 @funindex \phrasingSlurHalfSolid |
791 @funindex phrasingSlurHalfSolid | 801 @funindex phrasingSlurHalfSolid |
792 @cindex phrasing slur, half solid and half dashed | 802 @cindex phrasing slur, half solid and half dashed |
793 @cindex slur, half solid and half dashed phrasing | 803 @cindex slur, half solid and half dashed phrasing |
794 | 804 |
795 Phrasing slurs can also be made half-dashed (the first half dashed, the | 805 Phrasing slurs can also be made half-dashed (the first half dashed, the |
796 second half solid) or half-solid (the first half solid, the second | 806 second half solid) or half-solid (the first half solid, the second |
797 half dashed): | 807 half dashed): |
798 | 808 |
799 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 809 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
800 c4\( e g2\) | 810 c4\( e g2\) | |
801 \phrasingSlurHalfDashed | 811 \phrasingSlurHalfDashed |
802 g4\( e c2\) | 812 g4\( e c2\) | |
803 \phrasingSlurHalfSolid | 813 \phrasingSlurHalfSolid |
804 c4\( e g2\) | 814 c4\( e g2\) | |
805 \phrasingSlurSolid | 815 \phrasingSlurSolid |
806 g4\( e c2\) | 816 g4\( e c2\) | |
807 @end lilypond | 817 @end lilypond |
808 | 818 |
809 @funindex \phrasingSlurDashPattern | 819 @funindex \phrasingSlurDashPattern |
810 @funindex phrasingSlurDashPattern | 820 @funindex phrasingSlurDashPattern |
811 @cindex phrasing slur, defining dash patterns | 821 @cindex phrasing slur, defining dash patterns |
812 @cindex slur, phrasing, defining dash patterns | 822 @cindex slur, phrasing, defining dash patterns |
813 @cindex slur, definind dash patterns for phrasing | 823 @cindex slur, definind dash patterns for phrasing |
814 | 824 |
815 Custom dash patterns for phrasing slurs can be defined: | 825 Custom dash patterns for phrasing slurs can be defined: |
816 | 826 |
817 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 827 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
818 c4\( e g2\) | 828 c4\( e g2\) | |
819 \phrasingSlurDashPattern #0.7 #0.75 | 829 \phrasingSlurDashPattern #0.7 #0.75 |
820 g4\( e c2\) | 830 g4\( e c2\) | |
821 \phrasingSlurDashPattern #0.5 #2.0 | 831 \phrasingSlurDashPattern #0.5 #2.0 |
822 c4\( e g2\) | 832 c4\( e g2\) | |
823 \phrasingSlurSolid | 833 \phrasingSlurSolid |
824 g4\( e c2\) | 834 g4\( e c2\) | |
825 @end lilypond | 835 @end lilypond |
826 | 836 |
827 Dash pattern definitions for phrasing slurs have the same structure | 837 Dash pattern definitions for phrasing slurs have the same structure |
828 as dash pattern definitions for slurs. For more information about | 838 as dash pattern definitions for slurs. For more information about |
829 complex dash patterns, see the snippets under @ref{Slurs}. | 839 complex dash patterns, see the snippets under @ref{Slurs}. |
830 | 840 |
831 @predefined | 841 @predefined |
832 @code{\phrasingSlurUp}, | 842 @code{\phrasingSlurUp}, |
833 @code{\phrasingSlurDown}, | 843 @code{\phrasingSlurDown}, |
834 @code{\phrasingSlurNeutral}, | 844 @code{\phrasingSlurNeutral}, |
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918 @funindex bendAfter | 928 @funindex bendAfter |
919 | 929 |
920 @notation{Falls} and @notation{doits} can be added to notes using | 930 @notation{Falls} and @notation{doits} can be added to notes using |
921 the @code{\bendAfter} command. The direction of the fall or doit | 931 the @code{\bendAfter} command. The direction of the fall or doit |
922 is indicated with a plus or minus (up or down). The number | 932 is indicated with a plus or minus (up or down). The number |
923 indicates the pitch interval that the fall or doit will extend | 933 indicates the pitch interval that the fall or doit will extend |
924 @emph{beyond} the main note. | 934 @emph{beyond} the main note. |
925 | 935 |
926 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 936 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
927 c2-\bendAfter #+4 | 937 c2-\bendAfter #+4 |
928 c2-\bendAfter #-4 | 938 c2-\bendAfter #-4 | |
929 c2-\bendAfter #+6.5 | 939 c2-\bendAfter #+6.5 |
930 c2-\bendAfter #-6.5 | 940 c2-\bendAfter #-6.5 | |
931 c2-\bendAfter #+8 | 941 c2-\bendAfter #+8 |
932 c2-\bendAfter #-8 | 942 c2-\bendAfter #-8 | |
933 @end lilypond | 943 @end lilypond |
934 | 944 |
935 The dash @code{-} immediately preceding the @code{\bendAfter} | 945 The dash @code{-} immediately preceding the @code{\bendAfter} |
936 command is @emph{required} when writing falls and doits. | 946 command is @emph{required} when writing falls and doits. |
937 | 947 |
938 | 948 |
939 @snippets | 949 @snippets |
940 | 950 |
941 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] | 951 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] |
942 {adjusting-the-shape-of-falls-and-doits.ly} | 952 {adjusting-the-shape-of-falls-and-doits.ly} |
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967 @unnumberedsubsubsec Glissando | 977 @unnumberedsubsubsec Glissando |
968 | 978 |
969 @cindex glissando | 979 @cindex glissando |
970 @funindex \glissando | 980 @funindex \glissando |
971 @funindex glissando | 981 @funindex glissando |
972 | 982 |
973 A @notation{glissando} is created by attaching @code{\glissando} | 983 A @notation{glissando} is created by attaching @code{\glissando} |
974 to a note: | 984 to a note: |
975 | 985 |
976 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 986 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
977 g2\glissando g' | 987 g2\glissando g' | |
978 c2\glissando c, | 988 c2\glissando c, | |
979 @end lilypond | 989 @end lilypond |
980 | 990 |
981 Different styles of glissandi can be created. For details, see | 991 Different styles of glissandi can be created. For details, see |
982 @ref{Line styles}. | 992 @ref{Line styles}. |
983 | 993 |
984 @snippets | 994 @snippets |
985 | 995 |
986 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] | 996 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] |
987 {contemporary-glissando.ly} | 997 {contemporary-glissando.ly} |
988 | 998 |
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1030 <c e g c>1\arpeggio | 1040 <c e g c>1\arpeggio |
1031 @end lilypond | 1041 @end lilypond |
1032 | 1042 |
1033 Different types of arpeggios may be written. | 1043 Different types of arpeggios may be written. |
1034 @code{\arpeggioNormal} reverts to a normal arpeggio: | 1044 @code{\arpeggioNormal} reverts to a normal arpeggio: |
1035 | 1045 |
1036 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 1046 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
1037 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | 1047 <c e g c>2\arpeggio |
1038 | 1048 |
1039 \arpeggioArrowUp | 1049 \arpeggioArrowUp |
1040 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | 1050 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | |
1041 | 1051 |
1042 \arpeggioArrowDown | 1052 \arpeggioArrowDown |
1043 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | 1053 <c e g c>2\arpeggio |
1044 | 1054 |
1045 \arpeggioNormal | 1055 \arpeggioNormal |
1046 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | 1056 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | |
1047 @end lilypond | 1057 @end lilypond |
1048 | 1058 |
1049 @cindex arpeggio symbols, special | 1059 @cindex arpeggio symbols, special |
1050 @cindex special arpeggio symbols | 1060 @cindex special arpeggio symbols |
1051 | 1061 |
1052 @funindex \arpeggioBracket | 1062 @funindex \arpeggioBracket |
1053 @funindex arpeggioBracket | 1063 @funindex arpeggioBracket |
1054 @funindex \arpeggioParenthesis | 1064 @funindex \arpeggioParenthesis |
1055 @funindex arpeggioParenthesis | 1065 @funindex arpeggioParenthesis |
1056 @funindex \arpeggioParenthesisDashed | 1066 @funindex \arpeggioParenthesisDashed |
1057 @funindex arpeggioParenthesisDashed | 1067 @funindex arpeggioParenthesisDashed |
1058 | 1068 |
1059 Special @emph{bracketed} arpeggio symbols can be created: | 1069 Special @emph{bracketed} arpeggio symbols can be created: |
1060 | 1070 |
1061 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 1071 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
1062 <c e g c>2 | 1072 <c e g c>2 |
1063 | 1073 |
1064 \arpeggioBracket | 1074 \arpeggioBracket |
1065 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | 1075 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | |
1066 | 1076 |
1067 \arpeggioParenthesis | 1077 \arpeggioParenthesis |
1068 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | 1078 <c e g c>2\arpeggio |
1069 | 1079 |
1070 \arpeggioParenthesisDashed | 1080 \arpeggioParenthesisDashed |
1071 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | 1081 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | |
1072 | 1082 |
1073 \arpeggioNormal | 1083 \arpeggioNormal |
1074 <c e g c>2\arpeggio | 1084 <c e g c>1\arpeggio | |
1075 @end lilypond | 1085 @end lilypond |
1076 | 1086 |
1077 The dash properties of the parenthesis arpeggio are controlled | 1087 The dash properties of the parenthesis arpeggio are controlled |
1078 with the @code{'dash-details} property, which is described at @ref{Slurs}. | 1088 with the @code{'dash-details} property, which is described at @ref{Slurs}. |
1079 | 1089 |
1080 Arpeggios can be explicitly written out with ties. For more | 1090 Arpeggios can be explicitly written out with ties. For more |
1081 information, see @ref{Ties}. | 1091 information, see @ref{Ties}. |
1082 | 1092 |
1083 | 1093 |
1084 @predefined | 1094 @predefined |
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1147 @funindex \stopTrillSpan | 1157 @funindex \stopTrillSpan |
1148 @funindex stopTrillSpan | 1158 @funindex stopTrillSpan |
1149 | 1159 |
1150 Short @notation{trills} without an extender line are printed with | 1160 Short @notation{trills} without an extender line are printed with |
1151 @code{\trill}; see @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}. | 1161 @code{\trill}; see @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}. |
1152 | 1162 |
1153 Longer trills with an extender line are made with | 1163 Longer trills with an extender line are made with |
1154 @code{\startTrillSpan} and @code{\stopTrillSpan}: | 1164 @code{\startTrillSpan} and @code{\stopTrillSpan}: |
1155 | 1165 |
1156 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 1166 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
1157 d1~\startTrillSpan | 1167 d1~\startTrillSpan | |
1158 d1 | 1168 d1 | |
1159 c2\stopTrillSpan r2 | 1169 c2\stopTrillSpan r | |
1160 @end lilypond | 1170 @end lilypond |
1161 | 1171 |
1162 In the following example, a trill is combined with grace notes. | 1172 In the following example, a trill is combined with grace notes. |
1163 The syntax of this construct and the method to precisely position | 1173 The syntax of this construct and the method to precisely position |
1164 the grace notes are described in @ref{Grace notes}. | 1174 the grace notes are described in @ref{Grace notes}. |
1165 | 1175 |
1166 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 1176 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
1167 c1 \afterGrace | 1177 c1 | |
1168 d1\startTrillSpan { c32[ d]\stopTrillSpan } | 1178 \afterGrace d1\startTrillSpan { c32[ d]\stopTrillSpan } | |
1169 e2 r2 | 1179 e2 r | |
1170 @end lilypond | 1180 @end lilypond |
1171 | 1181 |
1172 @cindex pitched trills | 1182 @cindex pitched trills |
1173 @cindex trills, pitched | 1183 @cindex trills, pitched |
1174 @funindex \pitchedTrill | 1184 @funindex \pitchedTrill |
1175 @funindex pitchedTrill | 1185 @funindex pitchedTrill |
1176 | 1186 |
1177 Trills that require an auxiliary note with an explicit pitch can | 1187 Trills that require an auxiliary note with an explicit pitch can |
1178 be typeset with the @code{\pitchedTrill} command. The first | 1188 be typeset with the @code{\pitchedTrill} command. The first |
1179 argument is the main note, and the second is the @emph{trilled} | 1189 argument is the main note, and the second is the @emph{trilled} |
1180 note, printed as a stemless note head in parentheses. | 1190 note, printed as a stemless note head in parentheses. |
1181 | 1191 |
1182 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] | 1192 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] |
1183 \pitchedTrill e2\startTrillSpan fis | 1193 \pitchedTrill e2\startTrillSpan fis d2\stopTrillSpan |
1184 d\stopTrillSpan | |
1185 @end lilypond | 1194 @end lilypond |
1186 | 1195 |
1187 @cindex pitched trill with forced accidental | 1196 @cindex pitched trill with forced accidental |
1188 @cindex trill, pitched with forced accidental | 1197 @cindex trill, pitched with forced accidental |
1189 @cindex accidental, forced for pitched trill | 1198 @cindex accidental, forced for pitched trill |
1190 | 1199 |
1191 In the following example, the second pitched trill is ambiguous; | 1200 In the following example, the second pitched trill is ambiguous; |
1192 the accidental of the trilled note is not printed. As a | 1201 the accidental of the trilled note is not printed. As a |
1193 workaround, the accidentals of the trilled notes can be forced. | 1202 workaround, the accidentals of the trilled notes can be forced. |
1194 The second measure illustrates this method: | 1203 The second measure illustrates this method: |
1195 | 1204 |
1196 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] | 1205 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] |
1197 \pitchedTrill eis4\startTrillSpan fis | 1206 \pitchedTrill eis4\startTrillSpan fis g4\stopTrillSpan |
1198 g\stopTrillSpan | 1207 \pitchedTrill eis4\startTrillSpan fis g4\stopTrillSpan | |
1199 \pitchedTrill eis4\startTrillSpan fis | 1208 \pitchedTrill eis4\startTrillSpan fis g4\stopTrillSpan |
1200 g\stopTrillSpan | 1209 \pitchedTrill eis4\startTrillSpan fis! g4\stopTrillSpan | |
1201 \pitchedTrill eis4\startTrillSpan fis | |
1202 g\stopTrillSpan | |
1203 \pitchedTrill eis4\startTrillSpan fis! | |
1204 g\stopTrillSpan | |
1205 @end lilypond | 1210 @end lilypond |
1206 | 1211 |
1207 | 1212 |
1208 @predefined | 1213 @predefined |
1209 @code{\startTrillSpan}, | 1214 @code{\startTrillSpan}, |
1210 @code{\stopTrillSpan}. | 1215 @code{\stopTrillSpan}. |
1211 @endpredefined | 1216 @endpredefined |
1212 | 1217 |
1213 | 1218 |
1214 @seealso | 1219 @seealso |
1215 Music Glossary: | 1220 Music Glossary: |
1216 @rglos{trill}. | 1221 @rglos{trill}. |
1217 | 1222 |
1218 Notation Reference: | 1223 Notation Reference: |
1219 @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}, | 1224 @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}, |
1220 @ref{Grace notes}. | 1225 @ref{Grace notes}. |
1221 | 1226 |
1222 Snippets: | 1227 Snippets: |
1223 @rlsr{Expressive marks}. | 1228 @rlsr{Expressive marks}. |
1224 | 1229 |
1225 Internals Reference: | 1230 Internals Reference: |
1226 @rinternals{TrillSpanner}. | 1231 @rinternals{TrillSpanner}. |
1227 | 1232 |
OLD | NEW |